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Christchurch Aotearoa Kendo Club


Kendo Kata

The Kendo Kata were developed from thousands of "real" Japanese sword school (ryu) practice drills/waza/kata, which in turn were derived from actual combat situations that were, or could be encountered by a Samurai of old. They are taught as part of the Kendo "curriculum" in order to teach the Kendoka the differences and similarities between the Juk-do/Shinai and a real katana (sword). For beginners and low level practioners, the kata are performed with wooden swords (bokken), but for high level practioners, real metal-bladed swords may be used.

There are 7 katana versus katana (long sword vs long sword), and 3 katana versus wakazashi (long sword vs short sword) kata. The first 7 are taught and graded between first kyu and 3rd Dan, the last 3 from 3rd and above. Each kata is initiated by Sundo (Uchi-dachi), and responded to by Fudo (Shi-dachi). Sundo's role is that of the less accomplished student, whereas Fudo is the more senior/instructor. Fudo's actions are to show Sundo, that he/she could have easily killed him/her. In performing the kata, you must be able to perform both roles equally well.

There are also now a set of 9 "Beginners Kata". These have been developed to teach beginners the basic "kamae" (ready positions) and cuts. In these kata, or rather "waza", Uchidachi and Shidachi are more equals than in the Kendo Kata.

When performing these kata, it should be remembered that they have been developed from real combat situations, and much debate has gone in to the structure of them to accurately record and transfer the Samurai spirit and history to the modern ages, therefore they deserve your respect, and you should instill in them as much fighting spirit (Ki) as you would for a Kendo Shiai/match - perhaps even more. When Sundo stands in front of Fudo, he/she means to kill them. Plain and simple. Perform these kata with that intensity, and you should find them both highly enjoyable, and an integral part of the "Do" of Kendo...

The following descriptions should remind you how to perform each of the Kendo Kata. It is not intended to be a comprehensive teaching guide by itself. Where possible, video clips or image sequences are identified to provide more detail.

The 7 Katana vs Katana kata
The 7 kata are learnt seperately, but performed fully in sequence. At 1st Kyu, the first 3 Kata are tested, at Shodan, this is up to Kata #5. For Nidan and above, all 7 are performed. Kata #1 is preceded by a section of "etiquette" movements and the final stage of #7 kata is the reverse of this.

"Yop" = Sundo's attack Kiai
"Doo" = Fudo's answering attack Kiai
"pull-o-kal" = ready position: Tilt and lower sword to point at opponents lhs knee at 45 degree angle

Starting Reikshi/Etiquette
Kata starts with sword/bokken in right hand held under tsuba, handle up and forward about 20-30 degrees, fingers on rhs of blade thumb on lhs, edge facing you, hand at normal "attention" position. On command, face the shomen, full bow, face opponent bow while keeping eye contact. Lift sword to vertical at eye level, transfer sword to left hand and left hand waist height edge up. Place right hand back at attention position. Slide-step forward 3 paces, placing right hand on hilt on 2nd step, drawing sword on 3rd step. Crouch with left knee out to side, right knee pointing forward, sword tip touching opponents in chungdan position. Stand (maintaining chungdan), pull-o-kal, slide-step back to start position (5 small steps). Chungdan.
Il-bon (Ichi)
Sundo makes sandan above head (left foot fwd), fudo makes sandan (no foot move). Slide- step fwd 3 paces. Sundo steps fwd with right foot and swings for a head cut, fudo tiro lifting sword up so sundo's sword misses and sweeps down to full reach and sundo's body is bent slightly fwd. Fudo then apero and makes head cut stopping just above the head, sundo tiro a half step & fudo lowers sword tip right in between sundo's eyes, sundo tiro another half step, fudo then moves leftt foot fwd and makes sandan, pause, sundo straightens back and makes chugdan, fudo steps left foot back and follows into chungdan, pull-o-kal, 5 slide-steps back to start, chungdan. Nelson Note - 1) Sundo's cut is targeted to fudo's left wrist primarily therefore makes a 10-20 degree angle from the vertical [right to left as fudo sees it] NOT CONFIRMED 2) As Fudo steps fwd into Sandan, he holds his sword tip at Sundo's eyes briefly.
E-bon (Ni)
Both from chungdan Sundo starts slide-step fwd 3 paces. Sundo apero and makes straight wrist cut (lifting sword over his head to start the swing). Fudo "tiro" left-rear 45 degree ducking sword under sundo's swing, lifts it up & apero to make a cut to left wrist. Both step back to make chungdan, pull-o-kal, 5 slide-steps back to start, chungdan. Nelson Note - 1) Fudo's side step is only small to doge the wrist cut. 2) Fudo limit's the swing on his sword to the vertical [right arm parallel to ground] immediately before making his cut [i.e. over his head is way too far].
Sum-bon (San)
Both make "straight" hadan, slide-step fwd 3 paces, lift into chungdan. Sundo apero thrust towards fudo's right lung, sword vertical. Fudo deflects sword to his left, and steps forward with the same lung thrust (except sword 'mune' angled to 10 o'clock) , sundo has to quickly step back right foot and duck sword under and up to hit fudo's sword. Fudo continues another step and thrust, sundo step back left foot and repeats duck under and knock his sword. Fudo continues stepping forward 3 more steps lifting sword slowly higher each time to end pointing between eyes, sundo takes 3 steps back starting with left foot stepping sword down to rhs into shiokal position. After pause, sundo sweeps sword up towards chungdan, fudo takes 2 steps back into chungdan, then continues back another 3 steps, sundo following, pullokal, 5 slide-steps back to start, chungdan. Nelson Note - 1) during the thrust, Sundo's sword blade is rotated towards the horizontal to slip between ribs which also allows the curve of the back (sori) to slide along and around Fudo's sword. Aim point the bow on the gi (right lung). 2) end position for Sundo's sword after the 5 steps backwards is same position as pull-o-kal.
San?-bon (Shi)
kata #4
Sundo makes sandan beside mouth rhs (left foot fwd), fudo steps right foot back & swings sword up and over to hide sword behind back. Slide-step fwd 3 paces. Both swing for a head cut, swords meet and stop then come down to chungdan. Sundo then thrusts for Fudo's left lung (angling sword this time), fudo steps 45degrees left & fwd sweeping sword on side to the right and drops point down while lifting handle over right shoulder to steer sundo sword away, finally dropping it off the tip, then moves right foot over behind the left while swinging sword up, then make head cut. Both step back to chungdan, pullokal, 5 slide-steps back to start, chungdan.
O-bon (Go)
Sundo makes sandan above head (left foot fwd), fudo makes raised chungdan so sword points at sundo's wrist and angled at 2 o'clock (no foot move). Slide-step fwd 3 paces. Sundo steps right foot forward and swings for a head cut, fudo tiro lifting sword straight up, tapping and deflecting it so sundo's sword misses and sweeps down to full reach with sundo's body is bent slightly fwd. Fudo then apero and makes head cut stopping just above the head, then lowers sword tip right in between sundo's eyes, fudo then moves right foot back and makes sandan. When sundo straightens back and makes chugdan, fudo steps left foot back and follows into chungdan, fudo fwd/sundo back 3 small steps, pullokal, 5 slide-steps back to start, chungdan.
Yul?-bon (Roku)
Fudo to hadan sundo chungdan, slide-step fwd 3 paces. Fudo up to chungdan but Just as he gets there sundo right foot step back and quickly up to sandan - fudo immediately apero. Sundo left foot step back & makes chungdan. Sundo makes small wrist cut by just clearing fudo sword tip, fudo jaoro (left) & knocks sword away to his right, then 45 degree apero and makes wrist cut (small), then while lifting sword up to sandan & stepping left foot forward, small pause of foot & sword when the sword points between sundo's eyes. When sword points to his eyes, Sundo ½ step left tiro and angles head & body away from fudo & lowers sword tip to his right also. Sundo then steps back, straightens into chungdan, fudo follows, pullokal, 5 slide steps back to start.
Cha?-bon (Shichi [or Na-na])
Both from chungdan, slide-step fwd 3 paces. Sundo apero and thrusts towards fudo's right lung, sword tilted 'ha' edge toward fudo sword. Fudo tiro and pushes his sword forward along Sundo's sword (with the 'ha' touching rather than the 'mune'). Both then re-position swords to chungdan. Sundo lifts sword above head stepping forward with left foot, then makes head cut (as in il-bon) while stepping 2nd time with right. Fudo makes a quick 3 step move forward and right while making heuri cut ending down on right knee, sword in line with knee, looking at Sundo's right heuri. Fudo then faces sword opposite direction and moves it further back while repositioning right leg so sword & knee are in line with Sundo. Sundo meanwhile has stepped left foot back and shifted sword behind him, then brings it over his head to Sandan, pause, then points towards fudo's head in chungdan. Fudo lifts sword up to touch Sundo's sword and stands, stepping right foot forward to make chungdan - Sundo tiro as Fudo stands. Both then take 7 steps circling left to stand in start position. Instead of pullokal etc, they crouch to sonkyu, sheath swords, rise, 5 slide steps back, swap sword into right hand at attention position, bow to each other, bow to shomen, end.

The 3 Katana vs Wakazashi Kata

description #1
description #2
description #3

The Beginners Kata

Here are some links to other sites which have further information.
NZ, Korean & Japanese Kendo terms document (includes Kendo Kata description)
Kata history & links to videos of each one - excellent
notes on all 10 kata
descriptions of all 10 kata
Kata #1 and #2 videos at Furyu
Kata #7 detail video
good description of first 5 kata
secrets of the Kata?


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